Systemic Inflammatory Responses (SIRS)

4 important questions on Systemic Inflammatory Responses (SIRS)

What are the consequences of SIRS/sepsis?

  • Fever
  • Lethargy, anorexia
  • Increased neutrophils and acute phase proteins in blood
  • Systemic vasodilation, increased vascular permeability
    • Shock, edema +/- fibrin +/- petechiae, and laminitis
    • Tissue necrosis (e.g. Renal infarcts)
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
    • Consumptive coagulopathy, petechiae, tissue ischemia

What is SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)?

Systemic consequences of localized or disseminated inflammation

What are the outcomes of localized inflammatory responses?

  1. Cardinal signs of inflammation via vasodilation and vascular permeability
  2. Elimination of threat and wound healing via leukocyte activation
  3. Tissue damage from ischemia, free radicals, and proteases via leukocyte activation and endothelial activation & hypercoagulability (thrombosis)
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What are the negative outcomes of Systemic Inflammatory Responses?

  1. Tissue damage to kidney, liver, lung, heart, intestine, brain
  2. Consumptive coagulopathy and hemorrhage

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