Read the summary and the most important questions on The Truth in our Bones Week 1

• 1 Subadult Age-at-Death Estimation

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• What is endochondral ossification?

  Growth occuring in a cartilage model 
  Bones will fuse
  This is how most bones develop, including your long bones

• How many bony elements does a newborn infant have?

  Around 300

• How can the Age-of-Death of a subadult be estimated?

  • Number and types of bones (endochondral ossification)
  • State of Epiphyseal fusion (endochondral ossification)
  • Bone size (endochondral ossification)
  • Fontanelle closure (intramembranous ossification)
  • Dental formation
    
  • Dental eruption
    

• Explain ''Number and types of bones''

  • Some bones don't fuse of form until later (for example the patella/kneecaps)
  • By observing wich bones are present in the subadult skeleton, we can get an idea of how old they must have been 
    

• What is intramembranous ossification?

  • Bone begins to accumulate along the outer and inner edges, or plates of the membrane
  • Two layers of compact bone with spongy bone in the middle as the filling

• What is dental growth called?

  Odontogenesis

• In what region of the skull does the fontanelle close first?

  On the back of the skull (posterior/occipital fontanelle)

• Why are dental formation and dental eruption considered the most accurate and most precise methods for age-of-death estimation in subadults?

  Because the development and eruption of the teeth are less affected by environmental disruptions than bone growth

• 2 Adult Age-at-Death Estimation

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• What is the main reason why it is more difficult to esimate age-at-death in adult skeletal remains, than in subadult skeletal remains?

  Skeletal degeneration in adults occurs over a long time and is influenced by many factors, which makes it less accurate and precise way to assess age compared to skeletal growth in subadults

• Age category young adult

  18 to 34 years