Summary: Kls

Read the summary and the most important questions on KLS

• 1 Instrumentvliegen

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• RPM settings of POWER settings

  RPM = Revolutions Per Minute
  
  TAKE OFF POWER: +- 2650 RPM, Alleen bij start.
  CLIMB POWER: +- 2550 RPM, Klimvermogen.
  MAX. CRUISE POWER: +- 2450 RPM, +- 100 Kts.
  NOR. CRUISE POWER: +- 2350 RPM, +- 95 Kts.
  MIN. CRUISE POWER: +- 2050 RPM, +- 80 Kts.
  
  Elke 100 RPM geeft 5 Kts.

• 5 Weather phenomena

• 5.1 Precipitation

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• Small hail/snow pellets

  GS, 2-5mm

• 5.3 Other phenomena

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• Dust/sand whirls

  PO

• 10 Radio Navigation

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• Localiser ILS modulation components

  90 Hz AM (yellow signal) LEFT
  150 Hz AM (blue signal) RIGHT
  DDM (Difference in Depth of Modulation)
  Morse ident (1020 Hz) or Voice ident

• Glide Path (G/P) / Glide Slope (G/S)

  UHF +- 330 MHz
  Direct waves
  Horizontal polarisation
  Paired to LOC freq.
  Geen ident

• Localiser ILS range

  Range depends on power:
  Min. 17 NM @ 2 x 35 sector
  Min. 25 NM @ 2 x 10 sector

• G/P ILS range

  Range depends on power:
  10 NM @ 2 x 8 sector

• Rate of descent formula

  ROD = 5 x Ground Speed

• Inner Marker (IM)

  500 ft height range
  3000 Hz A2
  6 dots/s
  White

• Sky waves (ionosphere waves)

  Long distance
  Worden gereflecteerd door ionosfeer
  Skywaves tot 30MHz daarboven gaan de golven de ruimte in
  HF